Optimal Operation of Virtual Power Plant with Considering the Demand Response and Electric Vehicles

The needs of human communities for electrical energy is increasing every day, and as a result, the price fossil fuels steadily increasing. Considering trend advances in renewable technologies support governments policymakers to make more use these clean inexpensive resources. Limitations such low capacity, uncertainty output power stability issues have made it costly difficult Distributed Energy Resources (DERs). To solve problems, new concept known Virtual Power Plant (VPP) has been proposed facilitate exploitation DERs. VPP set DERs that are put together market participation. Also, efforts reduce amount environmental pollution replaced Electric Vehicles (EV) instead internal combustion engines. Regarding this paper, model optimizing virtual plant presented. In model, Demand response (DR) used, whose modeling based on Price-Based Response ordinary loads incentive. problem mixed integer linear programming maximize profit plant. order see effectiveness satisfying performance case study including DERs, EV, studied test system. simulation results using Matlab GAMS show efficiency proves simultaneous price-based demand program, smart charging, participation electric vehicles responses reduces operating costs.